Only about 18 million Nigerians, which represents less than 10 per cent of the population, have access to pipe-borne water, a new survey on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH NORM) has shown.
The survey showed that the total number of Nigerians with access to basic water, sanitation and hygiene services dropped to 18 million people in 2019 from 21 million in the preceding year. It is not clear if the numbers have dropped further in 2020.
The WASH NORM report published this month is an annual survey of the Federal Ministry of Water Resources (FMWR) executed in collaboration with the NBS and UNICEF.
The latest report is the second edition of the annual survey designed to provide credible data for policy formulation, planning and monitoring of the WASH sector in the country.
Key findings
Key findings from the survey revealed that up to 171 million people are off the SDG target for access to safely managed drinking water supply services with only 14 per cent of the population having access to ‘safely managed drinking water supply services’.
Access to safely managed drinking water supply services varies across the six geo-political zones, with the North-east having the lowest access at 2 per cent and the South-west having the highest at 31 per cent.
Accordingly, access for the rural population is at seven per cent, four times lower than access levels for the urban population at 29 per cent.
Also, the report said there is a stark disparity between the richest and poorest households. The latter at (2 per cent) are 22 times less likely to have access to safely managed services than the former at (43 per cent).
Sources of water
The most common sources of drinking water recorded by households were boreholes/tube wells used by 39 per cent of the population.
“Only 9 per cent of the population use pipe-borne water and just 4 per cent use pipe-borne water on premises. Similarly, about a quarter of the population (24 per cent) still depend on unimproved and surface water supply.
“Two-thirds of the population (66 per cent) use drinking water supplies contaminated by thermotolerant coliform at the point of collection and a similar proportion (63 per cent) ingest contaminated water at the point of consumption within the household,” the report said.
Specifics
It also found that only 18 per cent of households pay some form of tariff to get water from their communal water sources.
The survey noted that only “31 per cent of the population have access to improved water supply within the premises and the average time to fetch water 19 minutes for households whose water points are not located within premises; up to half (49 per cent) of the households are not satisfied with the level of the water supply services mainly due to the location and time spent to fetch.”
At the state level, the survey found that there are notable differences. At 96 per cent, Lagos has the highest access to basic water supply services. Jigawa is second with 92 per cent while Imo is third at 90 per cent.
Anambra and the Federal Capital, Abuja, come behind these. Sitting afoot the index is Sokoto with 38 per cent and Taraba with 36 per cent.
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